BPC is found in the gastrointestinal tract and is vital to digestive function, strengthening and healing lesions in the GI lining
Unlike fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, and K) that can build up, B12 has a strong safety record and toxicity is rare
Possible causes: dead space accumulation (discussed above), inaccurate water volume at reconstitution (more water means more dilute, means more volume per dose, means fewer doses from the same amount of peptide), or air in the vial displacing solution
Commercial serums offer 12-24 months unopened shelf life with professional preservative systems and 6-12 months post-opening depending on packaging (airless pump best), while DIY serums last only 1-2 weeks refrigerated without professional preservatives
AHK-Cu keeps them inactive
For topical research, patch testing remains a vital step to assess individual skin compatibility