Testing for anti-intrinsic factor antibodies can be more specific for diagnosing Pernicious Anemia, especially when serum B12 levels are inconclusive, although the Intrinsic Factor Antibody test produces a false negative result in about 50% of patients
doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.181.10.7420 81 LiangSCTanXYLuxenbergDPKarimRDunussi-JoannopoulosKCollinsMet al
People with a Medical or Surgical History of bariatric surgery or who have had part of their intestines removed, as well as those with absorptive disorders like inflammatory bowel disease, and those with duodenal ulcers
B12 shots contain about 100 micrograms of B12, which is roughly 40 times the recommended daily value for an average healthy adult (2.4 micrograms)
Most peptides are destroyed in the digestive system, which is why injectable forms dominate the market
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