Three different tests: Tendon outgrowth , how many cells grow out from a piece of tendon in the dish Wound healing assay , cells are grown as a monolayer, you make a scratch in it and observe how quickly it closes Cell survival , you add peroxide (oxidative stress, which normally kills cells) and observe how many survive What they found: Tenocytes grew faster and in a dose-dependent curve (the more BPC-157, the more growth) The scratch closed 1.8 faster at 1 g/ml BPC-157 Under oxidative stress, 22 % of cells survived without BPC-157, but 67 % with BPC-157 When they blocked the FAK enzyme, the effect disappeared mechanism confirmed Why it matters: This is not just a systemic effect via blood, BPC-157 directly modifies the biology of an individual cell
The concentrations were 35,880 mM, 43,300 mM, and 55,556 mM, respectively
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Peptides shipped without cold packs during summer may arrive with reduced potency
This shuts down the chemical reactions the microbe needs to make energy so it can no longer survive
Mineral oil is an inert substance with no fatty acids so there's nothing to feed Malassezia