The FDA flagged theoretical immunogenicity risk in its Category 2 listing
BPC-157 down-regulates cytokines such as IL-6 and TNF- while up-regulating protective eicosanoids like prostaglandin E2
MDR can be mediated by high-mobility box group 1 (HMGB1), which promotes protective autophagy against anticancer agents
Core patents were set to expire in 2026, but the company has secured additional protections on the formulation and dosage that could extend exclusivity in the U.S
The study posits that DSIP's actions on substance P, beta-endorphin, and corticosterone levels are part of a broader spectrum of biochemical changes, hinting that DSIP might initiate a series of molecular reactions contributing to its stress-modulatory actions
It may promote abnormal angiogenesis (new blood-vessel growth), raising theoretical concerns in patients with cancer history