As Habener explains, 'Previous studies in animals had shown that GLP-1 slowed down acid secretion and stomach emptying and caused early satiety
Presented for research literature review only Sim R et al
doi: 10.1016/j.neuron.2015.06.007 323 WaddingtonCH
Groups at increased risk of B12 deficiency include: Vegans and strict vegetarians , who avoid all animal products and are at significant risk without supplementation or fortified foods Older adults , in whom reduced stomach acid production impairs B12 absorption People with pernicious anaemia , an autoimmune condition that destroys intrinsic factor-producing cells Those who have undergone gastric surgery , including bariatric procedures, which can reduce intrinsic factor availability Individuals taking long-term metformin for type 2 diabetes, as this medication is associated with reduced B12 absorption the MHRA has issued specific safety advice on monitoring B12 levels in this group [6] [7] People with conditions affecting the small intestine , such as Crohn's disease or coeliac disease Symptoms of B12 deficiency can include fatigue, weakness, pins and needles, memory difficulties, and a sore or inflamed tongue (glossitis)
We therefore evaluated the effects of daily L-carnitine tartrate supplementation, yielding 2 g of elemental L-carnitine, on serum levels of ACE1, ACE2, furin, TMPRSS2 and CRP in humans5
A., Quenee, L
