Some reasons your body may not be able to get enough B12 from food include: Anemia Gastritis Crohns disease Celiac disease Alcohol use disorder Sjgrens syndrome Weight loss surgery, or surgery that removes part or all of your stomach A vegan or strict vegetarian diet (as B12 is only found in animal products) Medications, such as metformin and drugs used to treat gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), indigestion, and stomach ulcers Pregnancy Your doctor could also order a B12 test based on your symptoms
It depends on formulation and protocol
Support for connective tissue / cartilage / bone health (emerging) Some clinics suggest it may aid cartilage repair, bone density improvements, or joint health (often when paired with other peptides)
2013 Mar Merav Jacobson Bensky, Irit Ayalon-Dangur, Roi Ayalon-Dangur, Eviatar Naamany, Anat Gafter-Gvili, Gideon Koren, Shachaf Shiber
Ensuring you take B12 only after a full meal to aid absorption
It is available in oral tablets and/or injection