While their full MoA remains to be elucidated, it is known that they can activate Nrf2
Nature 464 (7285), 104107
If you are already sensitive to the gastrointestinal effects of a GLP-1 medication, adding a high dose of L-carnitine could make those symptoms worse
DPP-4 inhibitors, such as sitagliptin, alogliptin, linagliptin and saxagliptin, were synthesized to prolong the half-life of GLP-1 (102)
Specific forms like acetyl L-carnitine (ALCAR) are even used for brain health and cognitive performance, adding to its wide range of applications
In this process, a vital role in causing considerable harm to the Schwann cells and neurons in the peripheral nervous system is played by pro-inflammatory cytokines produced by cells that are resident or have infiltrated [26]