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doi: 10.3390/nu10091199 26
Neurological and Behavioral Research Research applications investigating central nervous system effects: Neuropharmacology Research: Blood-Brain Barrier Studies: Investigation of peptide CNS penetration and transport mechanisms Receptor Distribution: Research on amylin and GLP-1 receptor localization in brain regions Neuroprotection Studies: Investigation of neuronal protection mechanisms in injury/disease models Neurogenesis Research: Studies on neural progenitor cells and adult neurogenesis Synaptic Function: Investigation of synaptic plasticity and neurotransmission Cognitive Function Research: Learning and Memory: Investigation of spatial learning, working memory, recognition memory Alzheimers Models: Research in APP/PS1, 3xTg, and other AD model systems Neuropathology: Studies on amyloid-beta, tau, neuroinflammation, oxidative stress Behavioral Assessment: Morris water maze, novel object recognition, Y-maze, fear conditioning Mood and Behavior Studies: Anxiety-Like Behavior: Research using elevated plus maze, open field, light-dark box tests Depression-Like Behavior: Studies using forced swim test, tail suspension, sucrose preference Reward and Motivation: Investigation of operant conditioning, progressive ratio, conditioned place preference Experimental models include various transgenic mouse lines, intracerebroventricular administration studies, comprehensive behavioral test batteries, and neuroimaging approaches
With stem cells, you get the primitive cell that can create an estimated 200 different cells
Fine lines may soften
Normally microglia are neuroprotective, cleaning out debris that may contribute to neurodegenerative diseases or damage from ischemic stroke, but in the case of TBI they can become overactivated and exacerbate neuroinflammation (with upregulated TNFa, IL-6, C3, NK-kB, CD68, etc), and vascular changes can result in headaches, neurovascular flow changes, impaired lymphatic flow, blood-brain barrier disruption, activation of pro-inflammatory pathways, neuronal death, hyperexcitability, and disrupted synaptic connections
They also help prevent or reverse symptoms such as fatigue, low energy levels, and weight loss, which are commonly linked to vitamin B12 deficiency
